Dharshan Aqua Tech

A Softener-cum-Sand Filter is a combined water-treatment unit that performs filtration and water softening in a single system. It is commonly used where raw water contains suspended solids (turbidity) as well as hardness (calcium & magnesium salts).
1. Purpose
Remove suspended impurities (sand, silt, mud, rust)
Reduce hardness of water
Improve water quality for domestic, industrial, and boiler applications
2. Main Components
Pressure vessel (MS/FRP)
Sand filter media (graded silica sand)
Water softening resin (cation exchange resin)
Under-drain system
Multi-port / control valve
Brine tank (for regeneration of resin)
3. Working Principle
Filtration Stage (Sand Filter Section)
Raw water first passes through the sand bed
Suspended particles are trapped
Clear water moves to the next stage
Softening Stage (Resin Section)
Filtered water passes through cation exchange resin
Calcium (Ca²⁺) and Magnesium (Mg²⁺) ions are replaced with Sodium (Na⁺) ions
Hard water becomes soft
Backwashing & Regeneration
Sand bed is cleaned by backwashing
Resin is regenerated using salt (NaCl) solution from brine tank
4. Advantages
Compact system (saves space)
Lower installation cost than separate units
Reduced piping and maintenance
Suitable for moderate turbidity and hardness
5. Applications
Residential water supply
Hotels and hospitals
Small industries
Boiler feed water (pre-treatment)
RO plant pre-treatment
6. Limitations
Not suitable for very high turbidity
Performance depends on regular backwash and regeneration
Separate units are preferred for large-scale plants

SMPS is an electronic power supply system that makes use of a switching regulator to transfer electrical power effectively. It is a PSU (power supply unit) and is usually used in computers to change the voltage to the appropriate range for the computer

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